AUKUS Maritime Innovation Challenge 2025: Undersea Communications and Autonomy
Responses Due By
2025-04-28 23:59:59 US/Eastern Time
Introduction:
On Friday 1 December 2023, Defence Ministers announced the launch of an innovation challenge series for AUKUS Pillar II. The first of these challenges was focused on Electronic Warfare (EW). The second is focused on undersea Command, Control and Communications.
This is a trilaterally agreed challenge and will utilize a harmonized competition process with individual submissions entered into one of the three AUKUS partners’ individual submission portals (Australia, United Kingdom and United States). The challenge is being run as a two-stage competition across the Advanced Strategic Capabilities Accelerator (ASCA) in Australia, the Defence and Security Accelerator (DASA) in the United Kingdom and the Defense Innovation Unit (DIU) in the United States.
In Stage 1, submissions will be evaluated for their desirability and technical merits by evaluators from each of the three AUKUS partners. Successful submissions from Stage 1 may be invited by any of the AUKUS partners to submit a detailed proposal as part of Stage 2 of the competition, according to individual nations’ tendering and contracting processes. Terms and conditions for the competition have been harmonized as far as possible across the three nations but it should be appreciated that individual AUKUS partners have separate national requirements for awards.
This competition is open to submissions from any nation in Stage 1. Successful respondents who have been offered and who have entered into a contract with an AUKUS partner following Stage 2 will be required to develop their technology to a prototype level and deliver a demonstration at an appropriate multinational maritime exercise. Final contract deliverables may be shared by all three AUKUS partners, to enable the three partners to consider their suitability for any future use or possible exploitation by one or more AUKUS partners, however no such future use or exploitation is guaranteed to occur. Further details to be provided in due course.
Competition Key Information
Key Information | Competition Details |
Stage 1 Submission deadline | Midday/12:00 on 28 April 2025 (Local Time)͏ |
Stage 1 Decision release date | 26 May 2025 |
Stage 2 Submission portals open (by invitation only) | 9 June 2025 |
Stage 2 Submission Deadline | 7 July 2025 |
Stage 2 Decision release date | 18 August 2025 |
Total funding available | Up to $8 million (US). Together, UK, AUS and US are expecting to fund 3-10 proposals |
Achieving minimum TRL6 (Technology model or prototype demonstration in a relevant environment) | |
Contract start month | Aim to start November 2025 |
Project duration | 12 months. Final deliverable is to be a demonstration at an appropriate multinational maritime exercise. |
Respondents should note that the above schedule is subject to change at any time and is not to be relied on by respondents as final and definitive.
Competition Scope
Background
Autonomous systems can provide operational advantage in all environments from seabed to space. The waters of a nation’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ) stretch 200 nautical miles (NM) from the coastline; they include environmental features such as seaweed, incidental features such as drifting containers, and interception features such as fishing nets. There is also the presence of critical undersea infrastructure, which has strategic interest. Sensing, interpreting, and navigating the environment are fundamental to an autonomous platform’s ability to operate safely, efficiently, and effectively.
Capability Challenges/Effects
AUKUS partners are seeking to research and develop innovations to enable the synchronization and teaming of multiple undersea systems. We invite innovations that enable some or all of the following Desired Capability Effects:
1. Provide near real time communications between Undersea Vehicles (UVs)
2. Provide near real time communications from UVs to Command and Control (C2) Systems /Battle Management System (BMS)
3. Provide near real time communications between seabed systems to UVs and C2 System and BMS
4. Provide a system that can optimally allocate the right asset to the right task in a dynamic and complex environment
5. Provide optimal bandwidth utilization and effective range, and perform in a contested/congested environment
Mission Requirements
Planning and Initiation
The central C2 node will plan a mission for the teamed network of Uncrewed Undersea Vehicles (UUVs) to complete. This mission will need to be communicated to individual UUVs with varied capabilities and payloads, over an appropriate range.
Adaption reporting
Over the course of the mission, the UUVs will need to communicate with each other and the central C2 node. This could be part of the original mission, or in response to a change in mission circumstances, such as the failure of an individual vehicle. The teamed network should reallocate these tasks appropriately and report the revised mission parameters back to the Central C2 node as soon as possible.
Security
Some UUVs operated by AUKUS navies are capable and complex platforms that can support a wide variety of Defence tasks. The data and systems on board must be secured, even if the UUV itself is lost due to failure or attrition. The encryption of communications and data at rest is highly desirable.
Navigation
UUV will need to maintain a dived status to maximize efficiency and safety; they need to maintain an accurate position and timing while dived. UUVs will need to autonomously recognize and counter a range of challenges, including: environmental features such as seaweed, incidental features such as drifting containers and interception features such as fishing nets
Large Data
There could be an unanticipated safety or engineering reason for one or more of the UUVs to have to transmit a significant amount of data back to the central C2 node and/or BMS from a long range with a minimal probability of that data being intercepted.
Considerations
Successful proposals to this competition should seek to tackle one or more of the above Desired Capability Effects (1-5).
Successful proposals to this competition should seek to tackle one or more of the above capability challenges (1-5). To help with onward exploitation we encourage novel C2 technologies to be interoperable by design. To this end, AUKUS – and NATO – allies are developing and applying a family of protocols based upon an evolution of Interoperability to Interchangeability (I2I) and Collaborative Autonomy Tasking Layer (CATL). When fully developed, the NATO standard STANAG 4817 [link when published] will define how uncrewed platforms and existing C2 systems can integrate. The pursuit of interoperability is not intended to constrain the ambition or novelty of innovations. Aligning to the right standards early in the technological development will remove some of the barriers to exploitation and procurement.
AUKUS militaries are seeking systems that offer improved ability to communicate location, status and mission information for crewed and uncrewed UVs without significant attenuation of data, which reduces communications range and accuracy. A successful communications system would enhance the commander’s ability to view and synchronize the efforts of undersea systems. Sharing more information using less data via innovative underwater data transmission methods could improve near real time synchronization.
We understand that different methods of communication come with trade-offs between range, bandwidth, bit rate, latency, security, and directionality, among other criteria. Proposals should clearly articulate how their innovative approach balances these competing factors and provides an overall step change in capability. Any proposal incorporating AI should describe how their solution uses AI at the point that gives greatest decision advantage.
We are looking for…
• Proposals that describe how their solution will perform at various depths and hydrographic conditions
• Solutions that exploit the right mode of communication at every point of the mission to optimize the chance of mission success
• Solutions that could be applied to attritable or survivable systems
• Technologies that are Secure By Design
We are not looking for…
• The development or redesign of new sensors
• Technologies related to the recovery of UUVs
• Novel power and energy technologies, such as batteries or fuel cells
How and where do I submit my proposal?
For this competition there will be a 2-stage submission and evaluation process.
Stage 1
The first stage of the process is a request for submissions that provide a brief overview of the respondent’s solution. This will include a short description of the particular innovation, how it meets the competition scope, a rough order of magnitude cost (ROM) for any Stage 2 contract (i.e. to develop the solution to prototype level within a 12 month period) and a brief overview of the respondent’s organization. The ROM cost should not allow for any demonstration costs for the multinational maritime exercise.
Requirements for access to Government Furnished Assets (GFA), for example, information, equipment, materials and facilities, should be included in the submission at Stage 1. AUKUS cannot guarantee that GFA will be available. If GFA are requested, respondents should include an alternative plan in case they are not available.
No security classified information may be included in Stage 1 submissions.
Submissions should be submitted on the requested ‘Stage 1 Submission Form’ through one of the national submission portals set out below. The choice of portal does not affect evaluation of the submission, as all submissions will be evaluated by all of the AUKUS partners.
See Submission Form Instructions
Submission Portals
National Organization Link to Submission Portal Submission closing Deadline
National Organization / Link to Submission Portal / Submission Closing Deadline
DASA / DASA Submission Service / Midday(12:00) April 28 2025 (BST)
ASCA / ASCA Submission Service / Midday(12:00) April 28 2025 (AEST)
DIU / *via this webpage* / Midday(12:00) April 28 2025 (PST)
Following evaluation in accordance with the evaluation criteria and process set out below, successful submissions will receive an invitation on 26 May 2025 to submit a full proposal into Stage 2 of this competition. The portals to accept these proposals will not open until 2 June 2025.
Unsuccessful submissions will receive notification by the same time. Brief feedback may be provided to respondents.
Respondents should note that the above schedule is subject to change at any time and is not to be relied on by respondents as final and definitive.
Stage 2
Submissions that are successful from the trilateral evaluation for Stage 1 will be invited to participate in the second stage of the competition process and submit a more detailed proposal based on the submission in Stage 1. Each AUKUS partner will decide how many and which successful Stage 1 respondents are invited to participate in Stage 2 by that partner, based on the Stage 1 evaluation outcomes and the available funding. Each AUKUS partner will release their own Terms and Conditions for procurement and contracting to their proposed respondents, and proposals must be submitted into the relevant AUKUS partner’s specified portal. Respondents cannot choose which AUKUS partner they will submit a response to, but can choose not to participate in Stage 2.
Information required at this stage will be specified at time of Stage 2 release. This may include:
• Full description of how the proposed innovation meets the challenge
• Full technical description of the technical aspects of the project
• Full breakdown of the project costs
• Clearly identified Deliverables/milestones
• A GANTT chart giving an indication of the project plan
• A full detailed project plan, with work packages and milestones
• A Risk register identifying major business and technical risks, with mitigating actions
• As far as possible details (nationalities, names, function) of key project Team members – please do not send full biographies
The planned closing date for proposals into Stage 2 is 7 July 2025
Respondents should note that the above schedule is subject to change at any time and is not to be relied on by respondents as final and definitive.
Unsolicited responses into Stage 2 will not be accepted.
Supporting activities
Competition Launch Webinar
There will be a supporting launch Webinar run by each of the three AUKUS partners. This is scheduled for 3 April 2025. Please attend one of these events to obtain further information on the competition Challenge and process and for an opportunity to ask questions. A copy of the slides will be made available on this site shortly after the event.
To register interest in joining the webinar please use the links below
A link to slides and video recording will be added here after 3 April 2025.
Further Help
Please use the following links for any questions relating to the competition.
DASA – accelerator@dstl.gov.uk
ASCA - asca.innovationchallenges@defence.gov.au
In accordance with Australian procurement rules, any formal complaint regarding this procurement is to be directed in writing to: procurement.complaints@defence.gov.au. On the request, respondents must cooperate in the resolution of any complaint regarding this procurement
DIU - https://www.diu.mil/general-inquiry
Submission of questions
Enquiries received by 10 April will receive a reply before the Stage 1 submission deadline. Enquiries received at a later date may not be able to be answered before the deadline. Where possible, information provided in response to enquiries will be published in the following clarifications document.
See Solicitation FAQ Section below.
Evaluation criteria and evaluation process
Stage 1
All submissions received by the Stage 1 deadline will be evaluated by representatives from all three AUKUS partners and a joint decision made regarding the suitability of the innovation described. Evaluation criteria will be:
Desirability - The extent to which the proposed solution addresses the Desired Capability Effects, including:
• The degree to which the proposed solution is unique and provides benefit over existing technology; and
• The ability of the proposed solution to provide operational benefit and be introduced into service;
and
Feasibility - The extent to which the proposed solution can be developed, including:
• The soundness, technical merit, and ability of the solution to be developed to the declared state of maturity within the 12-month timeframe of the challenge (from contract commencement); and
• The high-level organizational capability of the innovator to execute the proposed development approach.
After each submission is evaluated against the above criteria, it will then be evaluated on the degree to which it provides value for money.
Stage 2
Stage 2 proposals will be evaluated by representatives from each of the three AUKUS partners against the evaluation criteria specified in the Stage 2 terms and conditions issued by each AUKUS partner.
Specific details regarding the Stage 2 evaluation process will only be released to Stage 1 respondents who have been invited to participate in Stage 2.
How will information be used
Information supplied for evaluation
All information submitted under both Stage 1 and Stage 2 will be shared between AUKUS partners and their service providers for the purposes of undertaking evaluation and administering the Challenge. By submitting a submission or proposal, respondents agree to the transmission, storage and use of their information, including personal information, in and between Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. Respondents should be aware that the laws regarding the protection, use and disclosure of information vary between countries and the information will not necessarily be protected in the same manner or to the same standard as under the law of the country in which a submission is submitted.
Any documents, paper or electronic, will be marked with the necessary security classification and exchanged through approved government channels.
Intellectual Property (IP) rights
The AUKUS partners will treat all submissions in confidence and have no rights to use the IP contained within the submissions except for the purpose of evaluation and administering the Challenge.
IP rights in solutions and work produced by successful respondents under contracts will be retained by respondents. All three AUKUS partners will be granted rights of use for Government/Defence Purposes in the final contract deliverables of successful respondents.
Contracting
Respondents who are successful in Stage 2 will be expected to engage with the relevant AUKUS partner’s commercial team in a timely manner to ensure all processes are complete prior to contract execution. The award of a contract is subject to the respondent satisfying that partner’s assurance/clarification requirements.
The AUKUS partners have taken steps to harmonize the individual Terms and Conditions (T&Cs) as far as possible. However, each AUKUS partner has certain specific obligations, and these will be reflected in the individual T&Cs.
Terms and Conditions
Terms and conditions for the Stage 1 process can be found by following the link below
Future Exploitation
The Challenge is being conducted to find and fund the research and development of prototypes of, and demonstrate, innovative technologies that address the Desired Capability Effects. The aim is to bring some or all of these innovations into service in one or more AUKUS navies.
The development and demonstration will provide the AUKUS navies with evidence on how an innovation satisfies the mission requirements and an indication of the feasibility and cost of adopting that innovation. The navies will participate throughout the contract period. After the demonstration they may be in a position to determine which innovations may be brought into service and how. However, there is no guarantee that any of the AUKUS partners will seek to bring any of the technologies developed under this Challenge into service. Any such activity would be subject to separate processes, approvals and contracts, and is outside the scope of this Challenge.
FAQs
Q: What costs can I cover in my submission?
A: You can cover costs directly related to delivery of the work described in your project. This includes
ELIGIBLE COSTS | INELIGIBLE COSTS |
Wages and labour costs | Gifts |
Sub contracting costs | Finance agreement interest or charges |
Business premises rentals | Costs associated with securing intellectual property arising from or associated with this project. |
Overheads (including insurance of goods in transit for demonstration and depreciation of equipment owned by the respondent) | Payments for work undertaken which is a statutory requirement |
Consumable items | Payments for legal challenges |
Capital items (please note that the contracting bodies may maintain ownership of large capital items) | Liabilities incurred before the commencement of any awarded contract |
Q: Do I need to have had prior experience working with any of the AUKUS navies?
A: Previous engagement with the navies is not required to take part in this competition. We are keen to receive submissions from as wide an audience as possible. It may be useful for you to reach out to your local organisation (ASCA, DASA, DIU) to discuss if you are less familiar with working within defence.
Submission
Q: Can we submit more than 1 idea into the Challenge?
A: Yes, you can make as many submissions as you like. However, all submissions must be completely self contained. It is not permissible to enter a submission that can only be completed upon acceptance of another bid. You should also bear in mind your resourcing should more than one of your submissions be successful; do you have the facilities/staff to successfully deliver all submissions in the required timeframe.
Q: Can previous unsuccessful ASCA/DASA/DIU applications be resubmitted into this challenge?
A: If you have an idea that meets the scope of this challenge then you can submit into one of the portals. If the idea is based on a proposal that has been declined in the past you should consider any feedback you received and ensure that you have addressed any points raised. However, addressing those point s would not in itself guarantee success in this challenge.
Q: Can I submit into all of the submission portals?
A: All submissions received into any of the portals will be reviewed by all nations. There is no need to submit into more than one portal. The assessment process at Stage 1 is the same irrespective of the submission portal used.
Information Sharing
Q: How do you protect the Intellectual Property (IP) of the project when sharing across international boundaries through AUKUS?
A: Any IP generated by an organisation under a contract will remain the property of the organisation. The funding nation will secure certain rights to use the information for Government/Defence purposes which will allow information to be shared across the AUKUS nations.
Contracting
Q: Will I have to agree to separate contracts from each nation if I am successful?
A: Respondents invited to take part in Stage 2 will submit their proposal into one of the nations’ portals. This will be advised to the respondent when invited. There will only be one contract which will be between the respondent and the nation selected to receive the proposal.
Q: If my proposal is not successful at Stage 2 will it be made available to other nations/defence agencies for funding consideration?
A: No. Information sharing agreements in place do not allow wider circulation of proposals to explore other funding mechanisms.
Technical
Q: Do you require proposals to cover Command and Control and decision support tools as part of this call, or are you just interested in underwater communications?
A: Overall, the AUKUS allies are seeking to fund innovations to de-risk each of the Desired Capability Effects, and each requirement of the mission. For any one of the AUKUS nations this may be in the form of one proposal answering the entire problem statement, or multiple proposals answering complementary aspects of the problem statement.
Q: The competition document states: “This mission will need to be communicated to individual Uncrewed Underwater Vehicles with varied capabilities and payloads, over an appropriate range.” What are these capabilities and payloads?
A: In operations, UVs may be equipped with a variety of sensors or effectors to complete tasks safely and effectively. The technologies we are seeking to fund through this competition are independent enablers of the task(s) that those sensors or effectors are designed to do. Any innovation we receive in this competition should be general enough that criteria describing the strengths and weaknesses of any node in the networked team can be inputted by an end-user. A competitive mission planning algorithm or C2/C3 system is one in which the end-user can adapt it to any task, regardless of environment, threat level, rules of engagement, or other considerations.
Q: Is a proposal which addresses more than one of the Desired Capability Effects more likely to be funded than one which only addresses a single effect?
A: All submissions will be assessed on their desirability and feasibility. If your organisation can offer an innovative solution – and leap forward in performance – for part of the mission requirements, then this will still be considered by assessors.
What the AUKUS allies are ultimately seeking is a more capable teamed network of UVs, improved freedom of action for operational commanders, and value for money for taxpayers. If your proposal can contribute to those goals in a novel and credible way, it will stand a good chance of receiving funding.
Exploitation
Q: If my proposal is successful how will it be demonstrated to end-users?
A: When successful proposals are on contract there will be opportunities to engage with and seek feedback from serving members of the AUKUS armed forces with expertise in underwater warfare and military command, control, and communications (C3).
When projects have completed in November 2026 they will be demonstrated at a multinational maritime exercise.
Q: What do I need to know about participating in a military exercise?
A: If you are successful at Stage 2 of this competition, your project manager and technical partner will assist you with applying to participate in a suitable multinational maritime exercise through the relevant process. Their support and guidance will help you complete relevant paperwork on time, and help ascertain what government provided equipment and information you may need to contribute to the exercise.
ASCA, DASA, and DIU can’t guarantee that any particular platform or system – in service or in development – will be participating in the exercise. We will help you plan for if the optimal platform or system required to demonstrate your innovation cannot be used.
Q: Are innovators expected to pay to attend this multinational maritime exercise?
A: If you are invited to bid in for Stage 2 of the competition you will be required to include costs for participating in the multinational maritime exercise in November 2026. These costs will have to include shipping of any necessary hardware to the location of the exercise. A rough guideline for costing exercise participation is:
ASCA, DASA, and DIU recommend innovators check how long it will take to obtain export licenses for their innovation if those are required.
Eligibility Requirements
There are no restrictions on organisations that can submit into Stage 1 of the challenge.
Large organisations, small organisations and academic organisations are all permitted to take part. Collaborations are also possible between organisations. We do ask that there is one lead partner with whom any resultant contract will be made, and they subcontract any work undertaken by the other parties.
Although there is no absolute restriction on the nationality of organisations it is a requirement of the competition that respondents are in a position to supply their technology to any of the 3 AUKUS nations.
For Stage 2 participation is by invitation only. You will receive notification by 26 May 2025 if you have been selected to participate in Stage 2. Uninvited proposals will not be accepted.